Type 2 diabetes is a growing concern in Kenya, with many people at risk due to various factors. About 90% of people diagnosed with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. Often, the signs may not be obvious, or there may be no signs at all, allowing the condition to develop for years before being diagnosed. Understanding the risk factors is crucial for early intervention and prevention.
You can find out your risk with our Know Your Risk tool
Your risk of developing type 2 diabetes increases with age. In Kenya, individuals over the age of 40 are more susceptible, especially if they belong to specific ethnic groups. African, African-Caribbean, and South Asian communities are at a higher risk, with the risk increasing after the age of 25.
If you have a parent, sibling, or child with diabetes, your risk of developing type 2 diabetes is two to six times higher. This genetic predisposition is a significant factor to consider.
A history of high blood pressure can increase your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. It’s essential to manage blood pressure levels through a healthy lifestyle and medication, if necessary.
Being overweight or obese is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes. The excess weight, particularly around the waist, increases insulin resistance, making it harder for your body to regulate blood sugar levels.
Leading a sedentary lifestyle, characterized by prolonged sitting and physical inactivity, is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Incorporating more movement into your daily routine can significantly reduce this risk.
Consuming a diet high in processed foods, sugars, and unhealthy fats contributes to weight gain and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins is recommended.
Smoking increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, along with other serious health conditions such as heart disease and cancer. Excessive alcohol consumption also contributes to the risk of diabetes and other health complications. It’s advised to limit alcohol intake and avoid smoking to reduce these risks.
Women who have had gestational diabetes during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels after pregnancy is important for early detection and prevention.
Certain mental health conditions, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression, are associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, especially if treated with antipsychotic medications. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and managing weight can help mitigate this risk.
Women with PCOS are at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes due to insulin resistance and higher insulin levels in the blood. Regular glucose tolerance tests are recommended for early detection.
Individuals who have suffered a heart attack or stroke are at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, as both conditions share common risk factors. Managing overall cardiovascular health is crucial to reducing diabetes risk.
Poor sleep, whether too little or too much, has been linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Ensuring adequate and quality sleep is essential for overall health and diabetes prevention.
In Kenya, being aware of these risk factors and taking proactive steps to reduce them can make a significant difference in preventing type 2 diabetes. Simple lifestyle changes such as adopting a healthier diet, increasing physical activity, managing weight, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are key strategies.
If you are over 40 or belong to a high-risk ethnic group, consider regular check-ups with your healthcare provider to monitor blood glucose levels and other related health indicators. Early detection and intervention can help prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes and ensure a healthier future.
You can find out your risk of type 2 diabetes now. It only takes a few minutes. It could be the most important thing you do today.
Before you use the tool to find out your risk, you need to take a few measurements: your waist size, your height and your weight.
By understanding and addressing these risk factors, you can take control of your health and reduce your risk of developing type 2 diabetes in Kenya.